华北水利水电大学学报(自然科学版)

针对传统烟草灌溉方式存在水资源浪费、土壤盐碱化以及品质不稳定等问题，基于物联网技术构建智能灌溉系统，设置3组试验，探究水肥调控对豫西烟田烟草生长及经济效益的影响。结果表明：对比大田对照试验，智能灌溉系统下烟株3个生育期土壤相对含水量依次为60%、80%、70%(以土壤相对含水量分别为55%～65%、75%～85%、65%～75%进行控制)的试验(水肥处理一)中，烟株农艺性状表现最好；该处理实现了全生育期节水39.94%～44.34%,上等叶比例提升至70%,经济产值提高了22.39%;智能灌溉系统显著改善了烟叶化学成分协调性，同时促进了干物质积累量与农艺现状的同步改善。研究表明，基于水肥一体化技术的物联网智能灌溉系统不仅能够显著提高烟草经济效益，而且为烟草种植提供了可靠的技术支持和发展空间，对于烟草产业的可持续发展具有积极意义。

To address issues in traditional tobacco irrigation practices, such as water wastage, soil salinization, and unstable product quality, an IoT(Internet of Things)-based intelligent irrigation system was developed. Three experimental groups were established to investigate the effects of water-fertilizer regulation on tobacco growth and economic benefits in western tobacco fields of Henan Province. Results indicated that Treatment 1(water-fertilizer management with soil relative water content controlled at 60%, 80%, and 70% during different growth stages, corresponding to target ranges of 55%-65%, 75%-85%, and 65%-75%, respectively) under the intelligent irrigation system exhibited optimal agronomic performance compared to conventional field practices. This treatment achieved water savings of 39.94%-44.34% throughout the growth period, increased the proportion of premium leaves to 70%, and enhanced economic output by 22.39%. The intelligent irrigation system significantly improved the chemical composition balance of tobacco leaves and promoted synchronized enhancement of dry matter accumulation and agronomic traits. The study demonstrates that the IoT-based intelligent irrigation system, integrated with water-fertilizer technology, not only substantially elevates economic returns but also provides reliable technical support and development potential for sustainable tobacco cultivation, offering significant implications for the sustainable advancement of the tobacco industry.