华北水利水电大学学报(自然科学版)

【目的】揭示降雨空间不均匀性与管道淤积的耦合作用对城市内涝的影响机制，为城市排水系统优化设计及内涝风险精准防控提供科学依据。【方法】以郑州市中心城区某片区为研究对象，构建反映实际降雨特征的空间不均匀性降雨模型，利用InfoWorks ICM软件模拟不同暴雨中心位置、不均匀系数及管道淤积程度下的城市内涝响应过程。【结果】(1)不同暴雨中心的内涝程度存在差异，内涝严重程度排序为D(红专路卫生路)>A(金水路未来路)>B(文化路东风路)>C(文化北路连霍高速)。该差异主要受各暴雨中心周边的管网排水能力、下垫面类型以及地形条件的影响。(2)随着降雨不均匀系数增大，降雨强度在暴雨中心更加集中，积水深度与积水面积显著增加，内涝空间分布呈现向中心聚拢的特征。(3)在不利降雨情景下，管道淤积程度对内涝风险存在明显阈值效应。当淤积系数超过0.3时，严重淤积管道(Ⅲ级)占比急剧上升，积水面积大幅增加。【结论】降雨空间不均匀性显著增加了局部区域的涝灾风险，管道淤积达到一定程度后会引发排水系统的连锁失效，二者的耦合作用进一步加剧了城市内涝程度。建议在城市排水系统规划与改造中，重点关注暴雨中心易发区的管网提标与清淤维护，以提升系统整体韧性。

【Objective】This study aims to reveal the mechanism by which the coupling effect of spatially non-uniform rainfall and pipeline siltation influences urban waterlogging, thereby providing a scientific basis for optimized design of urban drainage systems and precise prevention and control of waterlogging risk. 【Methods】 Taking a sub-catchment in the central urban area of Zhengzhou as the research object, a spatially non-uniform rainfall model reflecting actual rainfall characteristics was constructed. InfoWorks ICM was used to simulate urban waterlogging responses under different rainstorm center locations, non-uniformity coefficients, and levels of pipeline siltation. 【Results】(1) The degree of waterlogging differed among rainstorm centers, with the severity ranked as D(Hongzhuan Road-Weisheng Road)>A(Jinshui Road-Weilai Road)>B(Wenhua Road-Dongfeng Road)>C(Wenhua North Road-Lianhuo Expressway). This difference was mainly influenced by the drainage capacity of the pipe network, underlying surface types, and topographic conditions around each rainstorm center.(2) As the rainfall non-uniformity coefficient increased, rainfall intensity became more concentrated at the rainstorm center, significantly increasing inundation depth and area, and the spatial distribution of waterlogging showed a tendency to cluster toward the center.(3) Under unfavorable rainfall scenarios, pipeline siltation had an obvious threshold effect on waterlogging risk. When the siltation coefficient exceeded 0.3, the proportion of severely silted pipes(Class III) increased sharply, and inundation area increased substantially. 【Conclusions】 The spatial heterogeneity of rainfall significantly increases the risk of localized flooding. Once sediment accumulation in pipelines reaches a certain level, it can trigger cascading failures in the drainage system. The coupled effects of these two factors further exacerbate urban flooding. It is recommended that, in the planning and upgrading of urban drainage systems, priority be given to improving the capacity of pipe networks and conducting regular sediment removal and maintenance in areas prone to storm centers, thereby enhancing the overall resilience of the system.